您当前所在位置：
发布时间：2020-06-16 17:08
关注次数：以下是浙江自考网帮大家整理的浙江往年的自考真题。相信这些资料可以给正在自考备考的你在知识的储备上添砖加瓦。欢迎常来看看，浙江自考人的圈子：浙江自考网。
浙江省 2018年 1月高等教育自学考试
专业英语试题
课程代码： 00196
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上
I. Choose the best answer for each blank(10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个
选项中选出一个最佳答案。 （本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
1. A retail travel agent is a commissioned who serves as a sales outlet.
A. party B. organization
C. intermediary D. player
2. A manager should realize the between the current state and a desired state.
A. discrepancy B. similarity
C. reliability D. comparison
3. Traditionally, the hotel industry has looked at as a measure of success.
A. occupancy B. profit
C. total income D. number of employees
4. The approach emphasized the perspective of senior managers with the organization.
A. systematic management B. scientific management
C. quantitative management D. administrative management
5. Executive Support Systems (ESS) are graphics-oriented systems designed for
management and are used for long-term planning.
A. high B. advancing
C. temporary D. senior
6. Planning is analyzing a situation, determining the goals that will be in the future.
A. decided B. set
C. pursued D. made
7. Crafting and implementing strategy are management functions.
A. realistic B. potential
C. ideal D. core
8. Tactical managers are responsible for translating general goals into more objectives
and activities.
A. specific B. essential
C. general D. valuable
9. The prime task in motivating tourist visitors is ensuring that leaflets and posters
are available at tourist centers.
A. prospective B. past
C. particular D. usual
10. Some evidence to estimates of the competence and integrity of the researcher
may be found in the report itself.
A. close B. pertinent
C. efficient D. strange
II. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选
项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。 （本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
According to expectancy theory, the employee 11’lseawdotrok some level of performance.
Then performance 12 in one or more outcomes for the employee. Employees develop two
important beliefs 13 these three events. The first belief, expectancy, is employees ’perceived
likelihood that their efforts will enable them to successfully attain their performance goals. Expectancy can be high (up to 100%), and can also be low (down to a 0% likelihood). All else
equal, high expectancies 14 higher motivation than do low expectancies. Expectancies
can 15 among individuals, even in the same situation. For example, a sales manager might
initiate a 16 in which the top salesperson wins a free trip to Hawaii. In such cases, the few top
people, who have performed well in the past, will be more 17 by the contest than will all the
historically average and below-average performers. The top people will have higher expectancies
－ 18 beliefs that their efforts can help them turn in the top performance. As people 19 the
outcomes or consequences of their actions, they develop beliefs about how just or fair those outcomes are. Basically they assess how hard they work and how fairly the organization 20 them.
11. A. spirits B. efforts C. goals D. plans
12. A. takes B. leads C. results D. causes
13. A. linking B. connecting C. centering D. focusing
14. A. create B. involve C. take D. affect
15. A. set B. distribute C. spread D. vary
16. A. race B. competition C. game D. project
17. A. advised B. proposed C. motivated D. promoted
18. A. heavier B. stronger C. bigger D. lower
19. A. think B. regard C. appreciate D. realize
20. A. consider B. reward C. return D. treats
III. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item) 阅读下列短文，根据短文，
在每个问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 （本大题共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共
30 分）
Passage One
Being a skilled communicator is essential to being a good manager and team leader. Information flow generally occurs in three directions: downward, upward, and horizontal.
Downward communication refers to the flow of information from higher to lower levels in
the organization ’rarschiye. Examples include a manager giving an assignment to a secretary, a
supervisor making an announcement to his subordinates, and a company president delivering a
talk to his management team. Five types of information are sent downward through formal
channels. Instructions about what subordinates are expected to do and how they are to do it; the
rationale for, or explanation of, the job ’psurpose and its relationships to other jobs and the
organization ’s overall purpose; the organization lo’gystogoinaslspiarendaisdenose of mission,
motivation, and moral; the company ’s policies and procedures; and feedback to subordinates about
their job performance.
Upward communication travels from lower to higher ranks in the hierarchy. Upward communication is important for several reasons. First, management gains a more accurate picture
of subordinates ’ work, accomplishments, problems, plans, and attitudes. Management also gains
subordinates ’ ideas. Second, employees can reliseovme of their frustrations, achieve a stronger
sense of participation in the enterprise, and improve morale. Third, effective upward
communication facilitates downward communication, as good listening becomes a two-way street.
Much information needs to be shared among people in the same hierarchical level. Such horizontal communication can take place among employees in the same work group or between people in different departments. Horizontal communication has several important functions. First,
it allows sharing of information, coordination, and problem solving among departments. Second, it helps solve conflicts. Third, by allowing interaction among peers, it provides social and emotional support to employees.
21. Information flow generally occurs in three directions, which are the following except .
A. from superiors to inferiors B. from lower ranks to higher ranks
C. between government and labor D. among peers
22. Inter-departmental communication helps the following except .
A. information sharing B. problem solving
C. inter-functional interaction D. moral boost
23. The word “hierarchy in”the first sentence of the 3rd paragraph has the closest meaning of
A. graded positions B. occupation divisions
C. workshop arrangements D. event sequence
24. For efficient downward communication, managers should provide information
to their subordinates.
A. all B. relevant
C. certain D. insufficient
25. The word “facilitates” in the last sentence of the 3rd paragraph means .
A. stops B. delays
C. urges D. smoothes
Passage Two
Although we may be convinced of the importance of international finance, we still have to
ask ourselves, what ’sspecial about international finance? Put another way, how is international finance different from purely domestic finance (if such a thing exists)? Three major dimensions set international finance apart from domestic finance. They are:
1) Foreign exchange and political risks.
2) Market imperfections.
3) Expanded opportunity set.
As we will see, these major dimensions of international finance largely stem from the fact
that sovereign nations have the right and power to issue currencies, formulate their own economic
policies, impose taxes, and regulate movements of people, goods, and capital across their borders.
Suppose Mexico is a major export market for your company and the Mexican peso depreciates
drastically against the U.S. dollar, as it did in December 1994. This means that your company ’s
products can be priced out of the Mexican market, as the peso price of American imports will rise
following the peso ’s fall. This example suggests that when firms and individuals are engaged in
cross-border transactions, they are potentially exposed to foreign exchange risk that they would
not normally encounter in purely domestic transactions.
Another risk that firms and individuals may encounter in an international setting is political
risk. Political risk ranges from unexpected changes in tax rules to outright expropriation of assets
held by foreigners. Political risk arises from the fact that a sovereign country can change the
“rules of the game” and the affected parties may not have effective recourse. In 1992, for
example, the Enron Development Corporation, a subsidiary of a Houston-based energy company,
signed a contract to build India ’s largest power plant. After Enron had spent nearly ＄300 million,
the project was canceled in 1995 by nationalist politicians in the Maharashitra state who argued
India did not need the power plant. The Enron episode illustrates the difficulty of enforcing
contracts in foreign countries.
26. This passage mainly tells about .
A. foreign exchange and political risks
B. market imperfection
C. political risks
D. expanded opportunity set
27. Sovereign nations do not have the right or power to .
A. impose taxes
B. formulate their own economic policies
C. issue foreign currencies
D. regulate movements of capital across their borders
28. In the first example, when Mexican peso depreciates drastically against the U.S. dollar, an
American company will .
A. enlarge its Mexican market
B. find it easier for its products to enter Mexican market
C. be forced to reduce production
D. find itself losing Mexican market
29.The phrase “expropriation of assets ” in the 2of the last paragraph means that the
assets are .
A. taken over by a new owner B. globalized
C. privatized D. destroyed
30. In 1995, India ’s largest power plant was cancel_e_d_b_y____.
A. a Houston-based energy company
B. nationalist politicians in the Maharashitra state of India
C. the shareholders of that project
D. the Enron Development Corporation
Passage Three
In many ways, the back of the house is like a factory. Some factories are assembly plants,
while others manufacture goods from raw materials. A similar distinction can be made regarding
restaurants. Some are really an “assembly, wohpereatfionod is simply finished and plated by
kitchen staff. This is true of operations that use a lot of prepared foods such as portioned steaks or
a sandwich operation such as a QSR. In others, the product is actually ” on pr“emmisaenufactured
or, as we more commonly say, cooked from scratch.
The principal responsibility of the back of the house is the quality of food the guest is served.
That is a matter not only of food taste but also food safety and sanitation. Sanitation, then, is also
an extremely important responsibility. Finally, cost control with respect to food, labor, and
supplies are make-or-break responsibilities for the back of the house. Because prompt, timely
service is dependent on being able to get the food out of kitchen on time, the kitchen has a major
responsibility in service.
Food production stands out as the predominant work done in the back of the house. Controlling quality and the cost are usually parallel activities. In other words, standardized recipes
and carefully thought-out procedures, used consistently, will produce food that has the correct
ingredients; that ensures both quality and cost if properly planned. An important dimension of cost
control is portion control. Portions should be the same for a guest at every visit — and should be
the same for every guest.
31. The word “distinction ” in the 3ce of the first paragraph has the closest meaning of
.
A. conclusion B. distinguishing
C. reference D. solution
32. Which of the following is not the responsibility of the back of the house?
A. Food quality. B. Food safety.
C. Cost control. D. Staff training.
33. What ’s the relationship between food quality and cost cornotl?
A. Food quality is more important than cost control.
B. Cost control is more important than food quality.
C. They are of the same importance and should be done at the same time.
D. Raising food quality can reduce the food cost.
34. Which of the following is an effective way to control the cost?
A. To control food taste. B. To control food safety.
C. To control food sanitation. D. To control food portion.
35. Which of the following people do not work at the back of the house in a restaurant?
A. Cashiers. B. Chefs and cooks.
C. Dish-washers. D. Cleanup workers.
IV . Word Spelling(20 points, 1 point for each item) 请将完整的单词写出。 作为提示， 每个单
词的意义、词类及首字母均已给出（本大题共 20小题，每小题 1 分，共 20 分）
1. insufficiency of amount or supply; shortage (n.) s
2. a field, sphere, or province (n.) r
3. very complex or complicated (adj.) s
4. joined together (adj.) i
5. to illustrate by example (v.) e
6. signs considered as a group (n.) s
7. likely to become or be (adj.) p
8. to determine the value of; appraise (vt.) a
9. strong attractiveness or appeal (n.) i
10. to prescribe with authority; impose (v.) d
11. a distinguishing feature, as of a person ’__s__ch_a_r_a_cter (n.) t
12. to depart, as from a norm, a purpose; stray (v.) d
13. most favorable or desirable(adj.) o
14. a sum of money paid as bail or surety (n.) b
15. influencing or applying to a period prior to enactment (adj.) r
16. to attract by arousing hope or desire; lure (vt.) e
17. to assist with a reminder; remind (vt.) p
18. a man who does odd jobs or various small tasks (n.) h
19. to make as perfect or effective as possible (vt.) o
20. easily influenced or affected (adj.) s
V. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points for each item) 将下列各句译成
英语（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 3 分，共 15 分）
1. 世界金融市场很不完善。
2. 好的员工往往对公司作积极评价。
3. 员工的社会需要比经济需要更重要。
4. 每种交流方式都有优点和缺点。
5. 商务研究帮助管理者做出更好决策。
VI. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points, 3 points for each item) 将下列各句译
成汉语。（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 3 分，共 15 分）
1. Advertising is a productive promotional tool in tourism marketing.
2. A leader must stay abreast of environmental changes.
3. The restaurant business depends heavily on tourists for sales.
4. Travel agencies are not high-profit business.
